Artritis Reactiva- Tratamiento Ayurvédico, Dieta, Ejercicios, Trabajos de Investigación, Yoga & Pranayama

Reactive arthritis is joint pain and swelling triggered by an infection in another part of the body, most often intestines, genitals or urinary tract. Reactive arthritis usually targets knees, ankles and the joints of the feet. Inflammation also can affect eyes, skin and urethra.

The infection usually occurs days to weeks before the onset of joint pain. In some cases, a preceding infection may only be identified with laboratory testing. Previously, reactive arthritis was sometimes called Reiter’s syndrome, which was characterized by eye, urethra and joint inflammation.

Signs and symptoms

  • Pain and stiffness in joints, especially knees, ankles and feet
  • Eye inflammation like conjunctivitis
  • Urinary problems like increased frequency and discomfort during urination
  • Inflammation of soft tissues like muscles, tendons and ligaments
  • Swollen toes or fingers
  • Skin problems including a rash on the soles and palms and mouth sores
  • Low back pain

Causas

Infection by certain bacteria. Most often, these bacteria are in the genitals (Chlamydia trachomatis) or the bowel (Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia).

Fisiopatología

The bacteria induce (cause) arthritis by distorting body’s defence against infections, as well as the individual’s genetic environment

Reactive arthritis is an immune-mediated syndrome triggered by a recent infection. It is hypothesized that T lymphocytes are induced by bacterial fragments such as lipopolysaccharide and nucleic acids when invasive bacteria reach the systemic circulation. These activated cytotoxic-T cells then attack the synovium and other self-antigens through molecular mimicry. This is supported by the evidence of Chlamydia trachomatis and C pneumoniae ribosomal RNA transcripts, enteric bacterial DNA, and bacterial degradation products in the synovial tissue and fluid. It is believed that anti-bacterial cytokine response is also impaired in reactive arthritis, resulting in the decreased elimination of the bacteria. It is, however, unclear why such localization of inflammation occurs.

The prevalence of HLA-B27 in reactive arthritis is estimated at 30% to 50% in patients with reactive arthritis, although values range widely. In hospital-based studies with more severely affected patients, frequencies as high as 60% to 80% have been reported. HLA-B27 should not be used as a diagnostic tool for a diagnosis of acute reactive arthritis. The presence of HLA-B27 is believed to potentiate reactive arthritis by presenting bacterial antigens to T cells, altering self-tolerance of the host immune system, increased TNF-alpha production, promoting the invasion of microbes in the gut, and delayed clearance of causative organisms.

Initially, the dermal histopathological features of reactive arthritis are similar to psoriasis. Examination of the synovial fluid reveals large macrophages, Reiter cells with phagocytosed neutrophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. Extensive pannus formation is very rare.

Diagnóstico

 

Diagnosis is largely based on symptoms of the inducing infections and appearance of typical musculoskeletal (joint and muscle) involvement.

Blood tests are done for any infection and all types of arthritic conditions.

If indicated, doctors might order a prueba for Chlamydia infection or prueba for the HLA-B27 gene

 

Tratamientos

Treatment for the infection consists mainly of antibiotics. Other medications used to treat reactive arthritis include:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

  • Corticosteroids
  • Topical steroids
  • Rheumatoid arthritis medications such as sulfasalazine (Azulfidine), methotrexate (Trexall) or etanercept (Enbrel)

Physical therapy is found beneficial in the management of reactive arthritis to improve the flexibility of joints & to reduce stiffness.

Pronóstico

Follows a typically self-limited course, with resolution of symptoms by 3-12 months.

 

Complicaciones

  • Recurrent arthritis (15-50%)
  • Chronic arthritis or sacroiliitis (15-30%)
  • Ankylosing spondylitis (30-50% of HLA-B27–positive patients)
  • Urethral stricture
  • Aortic root necrosis
  • Secondary glaucoma
  • Cataratas
  • Cystoid macular edema
  • Posterior and anterior synechiae
  • Cyclitic membrane
  • Vitreous opacification
  • Ankylosing spondylitis
  • Psoriatic arthritis
  • Sacroiliitis
  • Erythroderma (rare)

 

 

Disease & Ayurveda

Considering the clinical features & presentation, the disease reactive arthritis can be compared with aamavata described in Ayurveda classic texts.

Nidana

Incompetent and unwholesome diet with opposite potency

Improper body postures & movements

Loss of appetite & digestive power

Exercise immediately after highly unctuous & oily food

Sedentary lifestyle

Purvaaroopa

Dourballya      – Tiredness/Fatigue

Hrudayasya gauravam – Heaviness of chest

Samprapti

The ama produced due to defective digestion & sedentary lifestyle, gets lodged in the site of sleshma (Kapha) like joints with the help of Vaata and produce symptoms of Aamavaata.

Lakshana

Angamarda    – bodyache

Aruchi            – Loss of taste sensation

Thrishna        – Excessive thirst

Alasyam         – Lethargy/laziness

Gauravam      – Heaviness of the body

Jwara             – Fever

Apaaka           – Indigestion

Soonata          – Oedema

Divisions

It can develop by the vitiation of Vaata, Pitta, Kapha individually (ekadoshaja), or any two of them together(dwidoshaja) or all the three doshas vitiated together(tridoshaja).

Pronóstico

Saadhya          – only one dosha vitiated

Yaapya           – two doshas involved

Asadhya         – All doshas involved & the disease affected all over the body.

Chikithsa

Ayurveda treatment for Aamavaata is completely different from other joint diseases. Use of any snehadravya like oils/ghee will aggravate all the symptoms in this disease. So, only langhana(weight reducing therapy like fasting)and Rookshana(drying up therapies with medicines & treatment procedures) are recommended.

Samana

            Lepana with rookshadravyas like kolakulathadi choorna

Parisheka with soolaharakwatha        like dasmoolakwatha

Aamapachanam with shaddharanam choornam etc

Agnideepanam with gandharvahastadi kwatham etc

Vyadhivipareeta chikithsa

Sodhana

        Langhana

Swedana

Virechana

Snehapanam

Vasti especially kshaaravasti

       

Medicamentos de uso común

        Amruthotharam kashayam

Rasnasaptakam kashayam

Rasnasunthyadi kashayam

Yogarajaguggulu

Balarishtam

Shaddharanam choornam

Guggulutiktakam ghrutam

 Marcas disponibles

AVS Kottakal

AVP Coimbatore

SNA oushadhasala

Remedios caseros

No home remedies are proven to cure reactive arthritis. But a healthy diet and lifestyle will be helpful to improve the quality of life.

Dieta

  • A evitar

Heavy meals and difficult to digest foods – cause indigestion.

Junk foods- cause disturbance in digestion and reduces the bioavailability of the medicine

Carbonated drinks – makes the stomach more acidic and disturbed digestion

Refrigerated and frozen foods – causes weak and sluggish digestion by weakening Agni (digestive fire)

Milk and milk products – increase kapha and cause respiratory problems

Curd – causes vidaaha and thereby many other diseases

  • Por añadir

Comidas ligeras y alimentos fáciles de digerir

Green gram, soups, honey

Freshly cooked and warm food processed with cumin seeds, ginger, black pepper, ajwain etc

 Comportamiento:

Protect yourself from cold climate.

Es mejor evitar la exposición a la luz solar excesiva, la lluvia o el polvo.

Maintain a regular food and sleep schedule.

Evite aguantar o forzar las ganas de orinar, defecar, toser, estornudar, etc.

Avoid sedentary lifestyle.

 posturas de Yoga

Pavanamuktasana

Nadisudhi pranayama

Bhujangasana

Simple exercises for lungs and heart health

 

Todos los ejercicios y esfuerzos físicos deben decidirse y realizarse únicamente bajo la supervisión de un experto médico.

 

Artículos de investigación

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499831/#_article-28255_s5_

 

The objectives of this study were to investigate and validate individual variables and to develop a composite score for disease activity measurement in patients with reactive arthritis (REA). In the first cross‐sectional part, the clinical and laboratory evaluation of 45 patients was used to elaborate the most important individual disease activity measures. In the second prospective part, these variables as well as a composite score for disease activity measurement of REA were prospectively validated in 23 patients at two points in time.The following variables emerged as the most useful for the composite measure: number of swollen and tender joints, patient’s pain and global assessment, and C‐reactive protein. The score was calculated by simple addition of the individual figures.

It was concluded that DAREA constitutes a reliable score which can easily be assessed on a day‐to‐day office work basis.

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Escritor:
El Dr. Rajesh Nair, cofundador y asesor jefe de Ayurvedaforall.Com, es licenciado por el prestigioso Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College (afiliado a la Universidad de Calicut), Kerala, India. Además, posee un Diploma de Postgrado en Yoga Terapéutico por la Universidad de Annamalai.

El Dr. Nair ofrece consultas en dos concurridas clínicas situadas en Haripad y sus alrededores, Alleppey, Kerala, el estado meridional famoso en todo el mundo por sus auténticos tratamientos y médicos ayurvédicos. Además de ofrecer consultas sobre todos los aspectos de los tratamientos ayurvédicos, el Dr. Nair tiene un interés especial en Panchkarma, Yoga y Masaje.

A través de Ayurvedaforall, el Dr. Nair ofrece consultas en línea a pacientes de todo el mundo y ha atendido a cientos de pacientes en los últimos 20 años. Además de su consulta ayurvédica, es editor jefe de ayurveda-amai.org, el portal en línea de la Asociación Médica Ayurveda de la India, y miembro del comité estatal de la Asociación Médica Ayurveda de la India.

El Dr. Nair es ponente habitual en conferencias relacionadas con el Ayurveda y ha visitado Alemania para propagar el Ayurveda. Puede escribirle directamente
rajesh@ayurvedaforall.com

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