Speech is the prominent way of communication among humans. It needs proper training from childhood to listen understand and speak. Speaking skills are modified through many adaptive changes by generations. It needs a gradual & steady development of structures associated with speech from the foetus. F After birth, in childhood the language is grasped from the surrounding people as a part of growing up. Both physical and emotional factors play a role in the proper functioning of organs of speech. Any abnormality in any of these can lead to various kinds of speech disorders.
Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a chronic voice disorder, that is characterized by excessive or inappropriate contraction of laryngeal muscles during speech.
Signs and symptoms
Speech is characterized by strained or strangled phonation with intermittent voice offsets on voicing of vowels. Patients report that symptoms are worse when they are under emotional stress, when they talk on the telephone, or when they speak in public. The symptoms are often better upon awakening in the morning or after a drink of alcohol. Abductor spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is rarer than the adductor type (17% of all patients with spasmodic dysphonia). Patients have prolonged voiceless consonants because of difficulties with voice onset following voiceless sounds such as /h/, /s/, /f/, /p/, /t/, and /k/. Additional symptoms in some patients with abductor spasmodic dysphonia (SD) include pitch changes, phonatory breaks during vowels, uncontrolled rises in vowels’ fundamental frequency, or a breathy voice quality.
Causas
Genetic disorder which has been attributed to a defect on bands 9q32-34.
Fisiopatología
Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is currently understood to be a focal dystonia that affects laryngeal muscle control during speech. Dystonia refers to a syndrome of sustained muscle contractions. Focal dystonias involve abnormal activity in only a few muscles. Dystonic movements are aggravated or become manifest during voluntary movement and worsen with fatigue or physical and emotional stress. Dystonia may be focal, segmental, multifocal, or generalized. Although spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is considered a focal dystonia, it may present as a segmental or multifocal dystonia.
Diagnóstico
Videolaryngostroboscopy
Neurologic examination
Perceptual analysis
Acoustic analysis
Aerodynamic analysis
Electromyographic analysis
Subjective evaluation by patient
Tratamientos
Injection of very small doses of botulinum toxin into laryngeal muscles
Pronóstico
With the exception of dysphonia caused by stroke for which there can be marked improvement, dysphonia from other causes is stable or progressive, and the prognosis depends on the underlying cause, its tendency to progress, the availability of therapy, and the response to therapy.
Complicaciones
Malnutrición
Aspiration pneumonia
Choking
Disease & Ayurveda
Voice disorders are mentioned as swarasaada or swarabheda in Ayurveda. Considering the clinical manifestations, spasmodic dysphonia can be compared with medoja swarasaada.
Nidana
Rajayakshma
Purvaaroopa
Not mentioned
Samprapti
Due to causative factors, the doshas get vitiated in the rajayakshma patient, travel in the body, get lodged in the throat(kantha) and produce the disease.
Lakshana
Kantham limpan iva – coated feeling inside the throat
Manda swara – feeble voice
Khurakhurayate – hoarse or rough voice
Vibaddha – voice production is not continuous
Kricchralakshyakshara – unclear speech, can not be identified clearly
Divisions
` Vaatika
Paittika
Slaishmika
Saannipaatikam
Kshayajam
Medojam
Pronóstico
Asaadhyam – incurable
Chikithsa
It is mentioned as incurable.
Medicamentos de uso común
Kanchanaraguggulu
Varasanadi kashayam
Rasnadi choornam
Marcas disponibles
AVS Kottakal
AVP Coimbatore
SNA oushadhasala
Vaidyaratnam oushadhasala
Remedios caseros
No home remedy is proven to cure spasmodic dysphonia
Dieta
- A evitar
Heavy meals and difficult to digest foods – cause indigestion.
Junk foods- cause disturbance in digestion and reduces the bioavailability of the medicine
Carbonated drinks – makes the stomach more acidic and disturbed digestion
Refrigerated and frozen foods – causes weak and sluggish digestion by weakening Agni (digestive fire)
Milk and milk products – increase kapha, cause obstruction in channels and obesity
Curd – causes vidaaha and thereby many other diseases
- Por añadir
Comidas ligeras y alimentos fáciles de digerir
Green gram, soups, honey
Freshly cooked and warm food processed with cumin seeds, ginger, black pepper, ajwain etc
Comportamiento:
Protect yourself from cold climate.
Es mejor evitar la exposición a la luz solar excesiva, la lluvia o el polvo.
Maintain a regular food and sleep schedule.
Evite aguantar o forzar las ganas de orinar, defecar, toser, estornudar, etc.
Avoid sedentary lifestyle. Be active,
posturas de Yoga
Regular stretching and mild cardio exercises are advised. Also, specific yogacharya including naadisuddhi pranayama, bhujangaasana, pavanamuktasana is recommended.
Regular exercise helps improve bioavailability of the medicine and food ingested and leads to positive health.
El yoga puede mantener la armonía dentro del cuerpo y con el sistema circundante.
Yoga for dysphonia
Pavanamuktasana
Nadisudhi pranayama
Bhujangasana
Simple exercises for lungs and heart health
Todos los ejercicios y esfuerzos físicos deben decidirse y realizarse únicamente bajo la supervisión de un experto médico.
Artículos de investigación
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18922334/
Estas afirmaciones no han sido evaluadas por la Food and Drug Administration, Estados Unidos. Este producto no está destinado a diagnosticar, tratar, curar o prevenir ninguna enfermedad. Por favor, consulte a su médico de cabecera antes de la ingesta.
Experto,
Medicina Ayurveda, India
Escritor:
El Dr. Rajesh Nair, cofundador y asesor jefe de Ayurvedaforall.Com, es licenciado por el prestigioso Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College (afiliado a la Universidad de Calicut), Kerala, India. Además, posee un Diploma de Postgrado en Yoga Terapéutico por la Universidad de Annamalai.
El Dr. Nair ofrece consultas en dos concurridas clínicas situadas en Haripad y sus alrededores, Alleppey, Kerala, el estado meridional famoso en todo el mundo por sus auténticos tratamientos y médicos ayurvédicos. Además de ofrecer consultas sobre todos los aspectos de los tratamientos ayurvédicos, el Dr. Nair tiene un interés especial en Panchkarma, Yoga y Masaje.
A través de Ayurvedaforall, el Dr. Nair ofrece consultas en línea a pacientes de todo el mundo y ha atendido a cientos de pacientes en los últimos 20 años. Además de su consulta ayurvédica, es editor jefe de ayurveda-amai.org, el portal en línea de la Asociación Médica Ayurveda de la India, y miembro del comité estatal de la Asociación Médica Ayurveda de la India.
El Dr. Nair es ponente habitual en conferencias relacionadas con el Ayurveda y ha visitado Alemania para propagar el Ayurveda. Puede escribirle directamente
rajesh@ayurvedaforall.com
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